does your vehicle start n run when cold but suddenly stalls or dies when warm? is your check engine light on? have you gotten your vehicle scanned? does your vehicle start at all? the 1st thing you should do is get a scanner and scan your car. if you can pull the codes from the computer that will greatly help you in the process of diagnosing the issue at hand. if you dont have a scanner you can rent one from any auto part stores for cheap or get a cheap Bluetooth scanner i have the ELM327 Bluetooth model that i use with my smart phone. i use torque its available on Google play.
1. Get a scanner (rent or buy)
2. Scan your vehicle
3. write down the codes
4. Google the check engine light codes
5. let the fun begin
lets start this off with. the crank shaft sensor (ckp) known to cause random stalling, misfire,suddenly dies when warm, only starts when cold. the sensor is generally located on the engine block lower but some of them are located in the bell housing (jeeps n dodge products) the sensor is pretty easy to change depending on its location with Volkswagen jetta 1996 and above the are located behind the oil filter. GM 3.8 are located behind the Harmonic balancer.
Camshaft Sensor
its job is to make sure the car stays in time, lack of a camshaft signal will cause the engine to be sluggish,misfire, no fuel pump signal on some models of neons it controls the signal for the computer to turn on the fuel pump for initial prime. also the cam shaft sensor controls timing also. location varies based on make and model
Throttle Position Sensor (tps)
its job is to control the amount of fuel being added to the engine, also controls shift points, provides data to the computer to allow proper operation. lack of a tps will cause poor gas mileage, lack of power, backfiring, stumbling, hard shifting, lack of shifting into over drive (jeep with the 4.0 automatics have this problem it will not shift into over drive without a tps signal) the vehicle may not start at all, its located on the throttle body (where the throttle cable connects)
Idle Air Control (iac)
the job of the is to control the amount of air coming into the engine at idle or wide open throttle pulls or normal operation. if this control module stops functioning then you will have an erratic idle, stumbling, dieing when coming to a stop suddenly, lack of performance, gas mileage will suffer.
its always best to pull the IAC once every few years depending on driving habits to clean it and the port out using carburetor cleaner. usually located on the throttle body.
EGR Valve
the job of the EGR is to control the exhaust gas recycle. the exhaust gas's are passed thru the valve to control how much of the exhaust is recycled. if the valve is stuck closed the exhaust gas's cannot go anywhere can cause the vehicle to run rich, if the valve is stuck open the engine will run lean. if the egr is faulty it will cause the gas mileage to drop, will cause idle issue's, lack of performance.use google to locate where your EGR is on your make and model
Oxygen Sensor (O2 sensor)
the job of O2 sensors are to regulate the amount of fuel being added to the engine as its running. if the sensors are malfunctioning the engine will run either rich or lean. these will throw a code. if code p0420 comes up then its a fault with the catalytic converter or the rear O2 sensor it will say bank 1 of 2 for rear and bank 1 of 1 for front. bank 2 of 1 is the passenger side upper, bank 2 of 2 is the passenger side rear
Mass Air Flow sensor (MAF)
the job of the MAF is to measure the amount of air coming into the engine all the time. signs of a faulty MAF will include the following
1. starts but dies when you give it gas
2. lack of performance
3. poor gas milage
4. random stalling
5. random dieing
6. running rich or lean
7. will cause a backfire in the engine (pop noise)
if your MAF is bad its easy to locate its generally on the intake hose that goes from the air box to the throttle body. one of the most picky ones are Ford and Mazda's in general they will die the second you press on the gas pedal. you can normally get a good used one at any wreaking yard for under 60.00, the price of a new one can be from 125.00-300.00 depending on make and model
Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map)
the Manifold absolute pressure is one of the sensor used in an engine electronic control system.
Engines that use a MAP sensor are typically fuel injected. The manifold absolute pressue sensor provides instantaneous manifold pressure information to the engine's (ECU). The data is used to calculate air density and determine the engine's air mass flow rate, which in turn determines the required fuel metering for optimum combustion and influence the advance or retard of ignition timming. A fuel-injected engine may alternately use a mass air flow sensor (MAF sensor) to detect the intake airflow. A typical configuration employs one or the other, but seldom both.
MaP sensor data can be converted to air mass data using the
speed-density method. Engine speed (RPM) and air temperature are also
necessary to complete the speed-density calculation. The MaP sensor can
also be used in obd (on-board diagnostics) applications to test the egr (exhaust gas recirculation) valve for functionality, an application typical in OBD II equipped General Motors engines.
if this sensor fails for any reason it will cause the engine to run really rich or really lean. this should throw a code. its pretty easy to locate. it will have a vacuum line running to it with a connector near the intake manifold or on the mustangs 1987 it will be on the firewall by the brake booster. on some dodge products its located on the intake manifold itself, same as gm 3.8 with the plastic instale
Ignition Control Module (ICM)
the job of the ICM is to control spark to the engine and control ignition timing. these control modules are normally located on the engine with the coil pack as in the 3.8 series 1,2,3 or in the distrubutor on your older ford or gm product, on s-10, s-15,blazers and jimmy's its located on the intake to the passenger side no larger then a 50 cent coin.
here are some signs it might be bad (sometimes they throw a code but often they dont)
1. Random stalling
2. dies when warm
3. Rough idle when warm
4. cylinder misfires random or 2 cylinders at once
5. lack of performance
6. hesitation
7. No start
Boost control solenoid
this controls the boost level on series 1,2,3 supercharged 3.8 engines using the eaton supercharger. signs of a fault BCS will have a code, will either have no boost or over boosting which isnt a good thing either way. the average cost of this solenoid is about 25-45 on ebay or amazon, if you can find a good used one that is another way also. its normally located on the supercharger toward the radiator side it has 2 vacuum lines running to it with a electrical connector
well i hope this info has helped u out in some way
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